Category: Fire

One of the most critical aspects of safety management in any business is fire safety. With stringent UK regulations and standards, it’s essential to have a comprehensive understanding of fire safety protocols and practices to protect your business, employees, customers, and assets. As a fire safety expert, Sygma is here to guide you through the process.

What is Fire Safety?

Fire safety refers to the procedures implemented to reduce the fire risk and limit its spread should it happen at your business. The goal of implementing fire safety measures is to reduce the risks for employees and anyone else accessing the premises.

A “responsible person” is responsible for assigning fire prevention tasks and actions necessary in case a fire breaks out. Fire safety in businesses is highly regulated, and the rules and legislation on this topic should be clearly communicated to all employees in your business.

Fire safety includes considering fire-resistant building materials, safe and secure work practices, safety training, prevention initiatives, and more. This comprehensive guide to fire safety in businesses details the importance of fire safety, relevant legislation, and how Sygma can help.

The importance of fire safety in the workplace

Fire safety in businesses is paramount. It ensures the protection of your building and the employees in it. It is a legal requirement that must be implemented in buildings and should be communicated to all employees.

Fire safety in businesses is essential because;

• It reduces the risk of accidents and injuries that involve employees and anyone else accessing the premises.
• It reduces the risk of damage to the building.
• It instates customer’s trust.
• It protects against fines.
• It protects jobs that might be lost in case of extensive building damage.
• It protects the entire business that might be at risk in case of extensive damage.

 

Who is responsible for fire safety in businesses?

The individual responsible for fire safety in businesses is the person in charge of the premises. Therefore, employers, building owners, building occupiers, landlords, building managers, facilities managers, and office managers could all be responsible for fire safety. According to regulations, this person is called the “responsible person.” Responsibilities might be shared between several individuals, particularly when premises are shared.

What are the responsibilities?
The responsible person or persons should follow the government’s guidance to ensure they implement all the necessary actions. They should regularly review and conduct the fire risk assessment if it is not done. They should also;
Inform and educate employees on the risks and actions in case a fire breaks out;
Implement the fire and safety measures;
Plan in case of emergency;
Deliver training to employees and anyone else accessing the premises.

Fire Safety in the workplace legislation

Following fire safety rules and regulations for businesses is important in ensuring the safety of your premises and employees. Here, we detail the fire risk assessment, fire prevention procedures and more.

Fire Risk Assessment

A thorough fire risk assessment is critical for any effective fire safety strategy in businesses. This assessment involves identifying potential hazards, evaluating the risk of a fire occurring, and determining measures to be implemented to avoid these risks. Conducting a fire risk assessment should be the starting point for every business, regardless of size or industry.

Fire Prevention

Preventing fires before they occur is key to safeguarding your business. Simple measures such as proper storage of flammable materials, regular maintenance of electrical systems, and implementing smoking policies can significantly reduce the risk of fire. It is crucial to educate employees about fire prevention best practices and encourage their active participation in maintaining a safe work environment. Sygma engineers can attend sites to train staff members on how to get the best from the fire panel and complete regular testing.

Fire Protection

Investing in adequate fire protection systems at your business is essential for minimising the impact of a fire. This includes installing fire alarm systems that detect smoke or heat, sprinkler systems that suppress fires, and ensuring clear and unobstructed escape routes for quick evacuation. These systems help save lives and minimise property damage in the event of a fire.

Receive your free fire alarm quote today.

 

Fire Drills and Training

Regular fire drills and employee training are vital components of an effective fire safety plan. Conducting realistic drills helps familiarise employees with evacuation procedures and ensures they know how to respond calmly and efficiently in an emergency. Training sessions should cover topics such as using fire extinguishers, recognising fire hazards, and understanding evacuation protocols.

Fire Safety Record Keeping

Maintaining detailed records of fire safety activities is essential for demonstrating compliance with regulations and identifying areas for improvement. Documentation should include fire risk assessments, maintenance logs for fire protection systems, and incident reports detailing any fire-related incidents or near misses. Keeping accurate records not only ensures regulatory compliance but also helps track the effectiveness of fire safety measures over time.

Importance of Staying Prepared, Benefits of Good Fire Safety Practices

Staying prepared for a fire emergency can make the difference between a minor incident and a catastrophic event. Implementing robust fire safety practices not only protects lives and property but also safeguards your business reputation and reduces the risk of costly disruptions. By prioritising fire safety, businesses can create a safer work environment, enhance employee morale, and build trust with customers and stakeholders.

Following British Standards BS-5389-1

BS-5389-1 highlights the importance of maintenance procedures for fire detection and alarm systems. It stresses the importance of routine testing to ensure system reliability and familiarise occupants with alarm signals. Weekly testing recommendations include operating manual call points, confirming signal reception at control equipment and alarm receiving centres, and testing audibility. Monthly attention includes starting emergency generators and inspecting standby power supply batteries. These tasks should be performed by competent individuals with proper training and knowledge.

Third-party certificated organisations, such as Sygma, are recommended for servicing. Routine servicing is not a review of system design but a verification of functionality and serviceability.

How can Sygma help?

Confirm cause-and-effect programs, check standby power supply capacity, verify zone plans, and follow manufacturer’s guidelines for video fire detectors. Report any defects found during inspections to premises management and maintain records of inspections and tests.

Conduct a thorough inspection and study existing records to ensure effective future servicing. Document major areas of non-compliance and communicate them to premises management. We’ll also arrange for emergency callouts to deal with faults or damage. All faults should be recorded, and repairs should be arranged promptly with our customer care team.

Take responsibility for system modifications to ensure that they do not compromise system compliance. A member of our engineering team will then carry out essential testing and documentation updates. These recommendations ensure that fire detection and alarm systems remain effective and compliant, even under non-routine circumstances such as changes in servicing organisations, repairs, modifications, false alarms, fire incidents, or prolonged disconnections.

Receive a quote for fire alarm maintenance.

Get in touch

Businesses can mitigate the fire risk and protect their employees and assets by conducting thorough fire risk assessments, implementing preventative measures, investing in fire protection systems, conducting regular drills and training, and maintaining detailed records. Remember, when it comes to fire safety, being proactive is key. Take the necessary steps today to ensure a safer tomorrow for your business.

For more information on fire safety solutions tailored to your business needs, contact Sygma today.

Your Fire Alarm Maintenance Legal Requirements

Fire safety is a paramount concern for businesses, and fire alarm maintenance is a critical aspect of ensuring the safety of occupants and compliance with legal requirements. Here, we’ll be able to give you an in-depth understanding of fire alarm maintenance legal requirements. 

Whether you’re a building owner, a responsible person or someone in charge of fire safety within your organisation, it’s essential to understand the legal obligations, regulations, and codes that govern fire alarm maintenance. In this blog, we explore the critical aspects of fire alarm maintenance in the context of legal compliance. 

Introduction to Fire Alarm Maintenance Legal Requirements

Fire alarm systems are your first line of defence in a fire emergency. Ensuring their proper function is vital for occupants’ safety and is legally mandated through your Fire Risk Assessment.

Legal Framework: Fire Safety Regulations and Codes 

The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 is a crucial piece of legislation that outlines the requirements for fire safety in non-domestic premises in England and Wales. It places the responsibility for fire safety on the ‘responsible person’ and requires a comprehensive fire risk assessment, including fire detection and alarm systems maintenance. 

Relevant British Standards include BS 5839, which provides recommendations for designing, installing, commissioning, and maintenance of fire detection and fire alarm systems in non-domestic premises. Compliance with these standards is essential for ensuring the effective operation of fire alarm systems. 

Summary of Legal Requirements 

As of 2006, it is required by law that any non-domestic premises take out a regular fire risk assessment. If your business has five or more people, you must also keep a written record of your assessments. 

A competent professional should also install Your fire alarm systems (Ideally BAFE registered). Furthermore, according to BS 5839, commercial fire alarm systems should be inspected at least every six months. Quarterly inspections are recommended for larger premises where more complex systems may be utilised.

Additionally, businesses must appoint a fire safety marshall, carry out regular fire risk assessments, ensure that staff understand all fire safety procedures, and conduct regular fire drills. It is worth noting that building owners and occupiers bear equal responsibility for fire alarm maintenance. They are legally obligated to ensure fire alarm systems are installed, tested and maintained correctly.

Requirements for Fire Safety in Non-Domestic Premises

As detailed by the home office, if you are responsible for the premises, you must:

• Carry out a fire risk assessment of your premises 
• Ensure that adequate fire safety measures are provided
• Maintain those fire safety measures 
• Have adequate fire procedures to ensure employees and visitors are aware of what to do in the event of a fire and that they understand the fire safety measures within the building
• Co-operate with any other person who has duties under fire alarm maintenance and safety requirements to coordinate the fire safety measures for which each of you is responsible 
• Keep your fire risk assessment and fire safety measures under regular review and take action to address new or increased risks. 

Understanding the Importance of Compliance with Fire Alarm Maintenance 

Compliance with fire alarm maintenance legal requirements is not merely a matter of fulfilling obligations; it’s about safeguarding lives and property. Noncompliance can have dire consequences, including the loss of life and severe legal repercussions. 

Penalties and Consequences for Non-Compliance

Non-compliance with fire alarm maintenance legal requirements can result in severe penalties, including fines and imprisonment. It can also lead to civil liability in the case of accidents. In the most severe cases, ignoring your fire alarm can result in loss of life, business revenue, a damaged reputation, and a fire-damaged workplace. 

Responsibilities of Fire Alarm Maintenance Providers 

Fire alarm maintenance providers like Sygma play a pivotal role in ensuring compliance. They also have a range of responsibilities to fulfil:

System Inspection: Fire alarm maintenance providers must regularly inspect the system, including control panels, detectors, alarms, and notification devices. This inspection ensures that all components are in proper working condition. 

Testing and Calibration: Regularly conduct testing and calibration of fire alarm system components to ensure they meet the required sensitivity and functionality standards. 

Fault Identification and Correction: Identify any faults or issues with the system promptly and rectify them. This includes addressing false alarms, faulty detectors, or malfunctioning control panels. 

Battery Checks: Ensure that backup batteries are in good working order. In the event of a power failure, these batteries are crucial to the system’s continued operation.

Upkeep of Documentation: Maintain detailed records of all fire alarm maintenance activities, including inspections, tests, and any corrective actions taken. This documentation serves as evidence of compliance during audits or inspections. 

Compliance with Regulations: Stay current with fire safety regulations and standards, ensuring all fire alarm maintenance activities comply with the law. 

Notification of Building Owner: Please keep the building owner or responsible person informed of the condition of the fire alarm system, any issues identified, and any recommended actions for improvement or compliance.

Frequency and Intervals: Fire alarm maintenance requires regular checks and inspections. According to BS 5839, commercial fire alarm systems should be inspected at least every six months. Quarterly inspections are recommended for larger premises where more complex systems may be utilised.

Documentation and Record-Keeping: Essential Legal Requirements 

Maintaining comprehensive records of fire alarm maintenance is a legal obligation. These records serve as evidence of compliance and are essential in case of inspections or audits. 

Audits and Inspections: Ensuring Compliance with Fire Alarm Maintenance

Regular audits and inspections by fire authorities and regulatory bodies are part of ensuring compliance. A five-minute check of your fire alarm system should ideally be carried out once a week. In terms of inspection and servicing visits, this should be carried out every six months.

Here are some steps businesses can take to prepare for such audits:

Comprehensive Records: Maintain organised and up-to-date records of all fire alarm maintenance activities, including inspection reports, testing logs, and equipment maintenance schedules. 

Regular Self-Audits: Conduct regular self-audits of your fire alarm systems and maintenance procedures. A five-minute weekly check is needed, as well as an inspection and visit every six months. Please address any identified issues as soon as possible. 

Training and Certification: Ensure that all personnel involved in fire alarm maintenance are appropriately trained and certified. Keep records of their qualifications. 

Documentation Accessibility: Have all relevant documentation easily accessible in one location and ensure that authorised personnel can readily access it during an audit. 

Emergency Procedures: Review and update your fire safety and emergency response procedures. Make sure all staff are aware of the procedures. 

Communication: Communicate with your fire alarm maintenance provider about the upcoming audit or inspection. Ensure they are prepared to support the process and provide any necessary documentation. 

Collaboration: Work closely with the auditing authority, offering full cooperation during the process. Address any issues or questions they may have promptly and transparently.

Post-Audit Action Plan: After an audit or inspection, implement any recommendations or required actions promptly to address identified deficiencies.

Integration with Building Safety Management Systems 

Integrating fire alarm maintenance into your building safety management system ensures a holistic approach to fire safety. Here’s how you can achieve this;

Assessment and Planning: Conduct a comprehensive evaluation of your building’s fire safety needs. Determine how fire alarm maintenance fits into the broader safety management system. 

Documentation Integration: Ensure that fire alarm maintenance records, including inspection reports, testing logs, and maintenance schedules, are integrated into your building’s safety documentation and management platform. 

Emergency Protocols: Integrate fire alarm activation and response protocols into your building’s emergency procedures. Ensure that building occupants are aware of these protocols. 

Regular Training: Include fire alarm maintenance and response training as a component of your safety training programme for building occupants and staff. 

Automation: Consider implementing automated monitoring and reporting systems that notify responsible personnel or maintenance providers in real-time in case of a fire alarm activation or system fault. 

Regular Review: Periodically review your integrated safety management system’s effectiveness to identify improvement areas.

Communicating Fire Alarm Maintenance Requirements to Occupants

Properly communicating fire alarm maintenance requirements to occupants is crucial for building safety. Here are some examples of how businesses can effectively convey these requirements:

Clear Notices: Display clear and visible notices in common areas, corridors, and other high-traffic zones to inform occupants about upcoming maintenance schedules and any temporary disruptions. 

Email and Newsletter Updates: Send regular email updates and newsletters to occupants, outlining scheduled maintenance dates, expected impacts, and the importance of their cooperation during alarm tests and drills. 

In-Person Meetings: Organise occasional meetings or sessions to discuss fire alarm maintenance in your building’s emergency response plan, which should be readily accessible to all occupants. 

Effective communication fosters cooperation and awareness among occupants, making fire alarm maintenance a shared responsibility for the safety of everyone in the building.

Training and Certification: Qualifications for Fire Alarm Maintenance Personnel 

Qualified personnel are a prerequisite for fire alarm maintenance. Ensuring that your maintenance provider is certified correctly is essential for legal compliance. To make sure that your engineer has the necessary qualifications and experience, please look for BAFE accreditation. 

External Certification and Accreditation Schemes

Sygma is fully accredited to carry out fire alarm maintenance plans that adhere to UK standards and can provide any certification necessary to reassure businesses that their building is fully compliant.

Collaboration with Fire Authorities and Regulatory Bodies

Collaborating with fire authorities and regulatory bodies is essential for maintaining a solid connection with the agencies responsible for enforcing fire safety regulations. Fire authorities, such as local fire and rescue services, are crucial in ensuring compliance and responding to fire incidents. Regulatory bodies, like the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), also oversee aspects of fire safety in specific industries. 

Here’s how you can collaborate effectively:

Stay Informed: Keep up to date with the latest fire safety regulations and guidelines issued by the authorities. This ensures you know any changes affecting your fire alarm maintenance practices. 

You can engage in Open Communication: You can set up a line of communication with your local fire and rescue service and regulatory bodies. They can provide guidance and answer your questions about compliance. 

Cooperate During Inspections: During audits or inspections, work closely with fire authorities and regulatory bodies to provide them with the necessary documentation and access to your fire alarm systems. Being transparent and cooperative during these assessments demonstrates your commitment to safety. 

Seek Guidance: If you have questions or uncertainties about meeting legal requirements, don’t hesitate to seek guidance from fire authorities or regulatory bodies. They can provide clarification and valuable insights to help you navigate compliance. 

Meeting Legal Requirments for Fire Alarm Maintenance

Contact Sygma today for a free quotation for professional fire alarm maintenance services tailored to your building and budget. Our experienced team can help you meet legal obligations, ensuring the safety and compliance of your premises.

Ensuring the safety of your business is paramount, and choosing the right fire alarm system plays a crucial role in achieving maximum security. Here at Sygma, we are experts in fire alarm system design, installation and maintenance. In this detailed guide, we will explore the nuances of wired vs wireless fire alarm systems to help you make the best decision for your business.

 

Key differences between Wired and Wireless Fire Alarm Systems 

Wired fire alarms are interconnected by wiring and act as an early warning system. They typically have a high reliability and signal integrity rate and are ideal for larger buildings. One of the main considerations of wired fire alarms vs wireless fire alarms is that wired alarms usually have longer set-up times compared to wireless alarms and could potentially disrupt your business during the installation process. 

Wireless fire alarm systems function the same way as wired alarm systems, just without the physical wires. The sensors and detectors inside the alarm are linked via wireless radio technology. Wireless fire alarms can be installed quickly and cause minimal disruption. The main consideration of a wireless alarm system would be monitoring the battery life and ensuring that there is no signal interference.

 

Coverage and Flexibility

Coverage and scaleability are critical factors impacting the effectiveness of your fire alarm system in safeguarding your business. 

Wired systems, designed with specific zones or circuits, may require additional wiring for large or complex properties. Expanding a wired system can be challenging and costly, making them less flexible for businesses anticipating layout or operational changes.

On the other hand, wireless fire alarm systems eliminate the need for extensive cabling. This inherent flexibility allows for easy scaleability, making wireless systems suitable for businesses expecting future expansions or modifications.

 

Reliability and Signal Integrity 

When evaluating the reliability and signal integrity of wireless vs wireless fire alarm systems, practical considerations include:

Environment: Assess if wired or wireless systems are more suitable for challenging environments with heavy machinery, electronic interference, or signal blocking materials. 

Battery management: Establish a rigorous battery management and maintenance schedule for wireless systems to ensure ongoing reliability. Consultation with experts, like Sygma, can help you make the right decision for your unique circumstances. 

System Quality: Choose a reputable fire alarm system provider offering high-quality components to impact reliability positively. 

Professional installation: Regardless of the system type, professional installation is crucial to minimise the risk of signal issues. Contact Sygma today to arrange a free consultation and quote. 

Regular Testing: Conduct regular system testing and maintenance to promptly address reliability or signal integrity issues.

 

Maintenance and Troubleshooting: Considering Ease of Monitoring and Upkeep

Ongoing maintenance and troubleshooting are essential for the continued reliability and effectiveness of your fire alarm system. 

Wired Systems Considerations:

Regular maintenance checks should be conducted on fire alarms. According to the BS 5839 fire safety standard, fire alarms should be inspected by a qualified professional at least every six months. 

Wired systems offer straightforward inspection and maintenance with the physical connections making it easier to identify any issues. It is also worth noting that components such as smoke detectors and control panels are robust with a longer lifespan.

Wireless Systems Considerations:

Reliance on wireless fire alarm systems or battery powered components requires regular checks and replacements. Fortunately, modern batteries have a decent life expectancy. A fire alarm system’s batteries can last for around three years or even longer.

It is worth noting that wireless fire alarm systems have the potential for complex troubleshooting due to signal interference. However, monitoring software can also simplify maintenance tasks with real-time alerts and diagnostics.

Practical considerations:

Professional maintenance visits are recommended for both wired and wireless fire alarm systems, however, it is vital that the staff members responsible for system monitoring receive proper training so that your business is fully protected at all times.

At Sygma, we recommend regularly testing the signal strength and communication between wireless devices and to maintain detailed records of maintenance and troubleshooting activities for streamlined future efforts.

 

Cost Considerations: Comparing the Expenses of Wired vs Wireless Fire Alarms 

When deciding between wired vs wireless fire alarms, cost is a significant factor impacting both upfront and long term budgets. 

Wired fire alarm systems are typically more affordable than newer, tech- enabled wireless systems. However, the installation of the system is almost always more expensive due to cabling, equipment and labour costs. Costs can also increase should the fire alarm system need to be replaced. 

A wireless fire alarm system relies on more modern technology and is typically more expensive. However, the cost of installing wireless fire alarms is much less compared to wired systems. Repairs are also potentially less expensive  than wired options as the process if much less intrusive. On the other hand, a wireless fire alarm system has more batteries that need to be replaced over time and this could be costly.

Sygma can:

• Assess budget limitations for both upfront installation and ongoing maintenance
• Consider the size and layout of the property for scalability advantages of wireless systems 
• Factor in the cost implications of future expansions or modifications. 
• Calculate long term cost projections for maintenance, device replacements, and updates 
• Prioritise reliability and safety, ensuring cost effectiveness does not compromise overall system performance

 

Compatibility and Integration

Ensuring seamless compatibility and integration with other building systems is critical for overall safety and efficiency of your business.

Wired systems offer extensive integration possibilities, interconnected with security, access control, and HVAC systems. They also allow for more customisation in integration to meet specific needs. However, their complex design and installation process may require more planning and this can potentially lead to higher costs. 

Wireless systems may have more limited integration options focussing on fire alarm functionality. Whilst these wireless systems can still be integrated with existing building systems, but these could be more basic.

The benefits of choosing wireless fire alarm system are that they offer simpler installation and configuration and are ideal for smaller properties or situations where basic integration is needed. However, some wireless systems may face compatibility challenges, necessitating careful planning and potential additional equipment.

Sygma can:

• Assess the requirements of other building systems you wish to integrate with your fire alarm system 
• Consider ease of configuration and the complexity of programming for integration
• Provide solutions based on your budget and scope of the integration project
• Consider scalability for future expansions or system upgrades
• Ensure integrated systems comply with relevant safety and building codes, along with local regulations 

 

Compliance with Safety Standards 

Compliance with fire safety standards is crucial for the safety of your business, covering aspects such as detection sensitivity, audible and visual alarms, monitoring and maintenance, and emergency response procedures. 

Having a fully operational fire alarm is a regulatory requirement for premises that need them, which is why regular testing is important. The guidance to test weekly comes from British Standard BS 5839. This the standard that the UK government recommends should be followed with regards to fire alarm maintenance.

According to the BS 5839 fire safety standard, both wired and wireless fire alarm systems should be inspected by a trained professional every six months. Also, fire alarm tests must be done every week by the fire marshal as well as a fire evacuation drill, annually. 

 

Making the Decision

Making the right choice for your commercial property’s fire alarm system is pivotal to the safety of your business. Sygma has the experience to help you make the right decision for your unique circumstances. Speak to a member of our team today to arrange a free survey and quotation.

 

Introduction to BS 5839-1: The British Standard for Fire Alarm Installation

In a world where building safety is paramount, adhering to established standards is crucial. The British Standard for Fire Alarm Installation, also known as BS 5839-1, is a definitive guideline designed to ensure the effective implementation of fire alarm systems in commercial buildings. This standard plays a pivotal role in safeguarding lives and property, making it a cornerstone of modern fire safety practices.

Failing to adhere to BS 5839-1 isn’t just a missed opportunity for enhanced safety—it can have serious consequences. Regulatory bodies take fire safety seriously, and non-compliance can result in fines, closure orders, increased insurance premiums, and damage to your business’s reputation. A subpar fire alarm system isn’t just a liability; it’s a potential disaster waiting to happen.

Understanding the Importance of Fire Alarm Systems in Building Safety

Fire alarm systems are the unsung heroes of building safety, providing early warnings that enable occupants to evacuate swiftly and firefighters to respond promptly. These systems detect fires at their starting point, offering a crucial window of opportunity for effective action. Installing a fire alarm system in accordance with BS 5839-1 not only adheres to legal requirements but also contributes to a safer environment for employees, customers, and property.

Overview of BS 5839-1: Scope, Application, and Objectives

Produced by the BSI Group, which sets a precedent and consensus for the quality of goods and services, BS 5839-1 outlines comprehensive guidelines for the design, installation, commissioning, and maintenance of fire alarm systems in commercial and non-domestic premises. These premises include hospitals, shopping centres, restaurants, schools and more.

The standard takes into account various factors, such as building size, occupancy type, and potential fire risks. Its objectives include minimising false alarms, ensuring appropriate coverage, and maximising system reliability, thereby creating a tailored approach to fire safety for each premises.

Anyone involved in the commissioning, installation, design and planning of fire detection and fire alarm systems in buildings will find BS 5839-1 useful, including:

• Head of Fire Engineering
• Commercial Manager
• Fire Consultant
• Fire Officer
• Fire & Safety Officer
• Managing Consultant
• Principal Fire Surveyor
• Senior H&S Manager
• Fire Safety Advisor

 

Categories of Fire Alarm Systems Defined by BS 5839-1

BS 5839-1 categorises fire alarm systems into three different types (L, M and P), each suited to specific building types and risks. These categories range from simple manual systems to sophisticated automatic systems with multiple detection zones. Selecting the right category ensures a balanced approach between the potential risk and the complexity of the alarm system.

L and M categories are for systems designed to protect life, and Category P is designed for those intended to protect property.

• L systems: These systems are designed to protect life and focus on safeguarding escape routes and areas considered as having a high fire risk.
• M systems: These are manual operation-only systems which have manual call points on all exits and corridors where persons do not have more than 45m to walk before reaching a call point. All ‘L’ systems start out as an ‘M’ system and then have the appropriate level of automatic fire detection coverage applied on top of that.
• P systems: This category is designed for property protection and not life protection. Therefore, it is rarer to see P systems installed as most buildings are occupied at any given time and, therefore, require life protection.

 

Installation Requirements: Guidelines for Properly Installing Fire Alarm Systems

Proper installation is pivotal in ensuring a fire alarm system’s efficiency. BS 5839-1 provides detailed installation guidelines, covering the placement of detectors, control panels, and alarm devices. By following these recommendations, you can optimise coverage while minimising blind spots, ultimately enhancing the system’s ability to detect and alert in case of fire.

There are a few main considerations for an appropriate fire detection and alarm system. These include;

System type

Whilst it is important to consider the three automatic system categories for particular premises, it is worth noting that the appropriate extent of a fire detection system is typically determined by a fire risk assessment.

System components

It is important that system components and other fire alarm devices, conform to relevant British Standards or Harmonised European Standards and have undergone type testing to these standards.

Detection zones

By dividing a building into detention zones, you can ensure that those responding to the alarm are directed to the specific location of the fire. This sub-division is recommended for all but the smallest of premises.

Alarm zones

Typically, many premises will have an evacuation procedure in the event of a fire. This would involve an alarm sounding and everyone being made to leave the building. In more complex buildings, a phased evacuation policy might be in place where separate alarm zones could be required.

Communication with fire and rescue service

In order to get the most from your fire alarm system, it is important that the emergency response services can be alerted as quickly as possible should a fire break out.

To ensure that your fire alarm system meets these high standards, our engineers are on hand to take the complication out of these requirements.

Wiring and Cabling Standards: Key Considerations for Fire Alarm Installations

The BS 5839-1 standard also offers crucial insights into wiring and cabling requirements. The standards require a specific fire resistance in the cabling to mitigate the risk of signal degradation and ensure consistent communication between devices, even during a fire, to allow the alarm system to track the spread of the fire through the building. Adhering to these guidelines guarantees reliable data transmission, which is essential for timely and accurate fire detection.

With cabling being highly resistant to fire, the standard to which it is clipped becomes critical. The manufacturer guidelines provide strict requirements for clip type, material and spacing along a cable run. These guidelines ensure highly resistant fire cabling does not inadvertently seal an exit for use by falling during the fire and blocking the escape path!

Challenges and Limitations: Addressing Common Issues in Fire Alarm Installations

While BS 5839-1 provides an excellent framework, challenges may arise during installation, such as building layout complexities and environmental factors. These challenges can be mitigated by engaging professionals experienced in interpreting and implementing the standard effectively. Our extensive fire safety experience can help us to overcome any challenges with ease.

Limitation of false alarms

The location of your fire alarm system should be optimised to limit the possibility of false alarms occurring as much as possible. For example, smoke detectors should never be fitted in kitchens or bathrooms.

Responsibility for compliance

It is important to ensure that prior to the installation of a fire detection and fire alarm system, an organisation has accepted responsibility for compliance with the relevant section of BS 5839-1.

 

Compliance and Certification: Meeting Standards and Regulatory Requirements

Adhering to BS 5839-1 ensures compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.
Once a system has been commissioned, certificates must be provided for each of the three separate processes: design, installation and commissioning. Certification can be carried out by a single or multiple organisations.

Installations conforming to this standard are recognised as robust and reliable, often leading to certification and approval from relevant authorities.

Once the certification process has been completed, the system will be formally handed over to the user. At this point, it is important that the organisation bearing contractual responsibility for the system issues a certificate of acceptance to the purchaser, for completion by them.

Maintenance and Servicing: Best Practices for Long-Term System Performance

A fire alarm system is only effective when regularly maintained and serviced. BS 5839-1 prescribes a schedule for testing, inspecting, and maintaining the system components.

Regular servicing not only maintains optimal functionality but also extends the lifespan of the system, offering peace of mind in times of crisis.

Weekly maintenance

The BS 5839-1 standard makes five detailed recommendations in respect of weekly testing;

• The operation of a manual call point during normal working hours.
• Testing the system at the same time each week.
• Additional tests should be made at least once a month.
• For systems with multiple manual call points, a different call point should be tested each week.
• The routine test time should not exceed one minute so that occupants can distinguish between a weekly fire alarm test and an actual fire.

 

Monthly maintenance

The BS 5839-1 standard applies recommendations for monthly testing;

• If the standby power supply to the system includes an automatically started emergency generator, this should be tested monthly.
• If the standby power supply is provided by vented batteries, these should be inspected visually.
• All vented batteries and their connections should be examined on a quarterly basis by a person competent in battery installation and maintenance technology.

 

Sygma packages

At Sygma, we provide a comprehensive range of fire alarm service and maintenance plans. You can choose to have a one month, six months or annual package to ensure that your systems are properly maintained.

We offer a comprehensive range of options based on the requirements of your system and your budget. These options include a platinum package, which includes free equipment repairs and free replacement parts, an enhanced package, and a standard package.

Future Developments and Updates: Advancements in Fire Alarm Technology

The fire safety landscape is evolving, and BS 5839-1 continues to adapt to technological advancements. From wireless systems to integrated smart solutions, the standard ensures fire alarm technology remains at the forefront of safety innovation.

The Significance of BS 5839-1 in Promoting Fire Safety

In conclusion, BS 5839-1 is not just a standard; it’s a commitment to safety. Adhering to its guidelines assures comprehensive fire protection and underscores your dedication to the safety of your premises and occupants.

Don’t compromise on safety; for a hassle-free and compliant fire alarm installation, contact us today. We can offer you the ultimate peace of mind in safeguarding what matters most.

 

1. Training

Try to keep the number of people who operate the system to a minimum and ensure that anyone using your alarm system, including guests and service people, have been properly trained in its use. They should know the passwords, be able to to arm / disarm the system and know how to cancel the alarm if triggered accidentally.

2.Follow Procedure

Always follow the designated entry/exit procedure. Ensure you have all keys, key fobs and alarm system codes available for use, when entering or leaving the premises. It may also help to keep the system manual somewhere easily accessible, as well as any contact information for both the alarm manufacturer and the security service provider.

3.Check Premises before Leaving

Before leaving the premises check that all your doors and windows are actually secured as a strong gust of wind may break the connection between the sensors and activate a false alarm. It may also be worth repairing any windows or doors which do not close properly or can be moved slightly past the frame.

 

4. Consistency

Where movement detectors are fitted, do not introduce new sources of heat, movement or sound into the protected area. It’s also important to ensure that all sensor devices are unobstructed and have been installed correctly following the manufacturers instructions. This is especially true when systems have been installed by the user rather than by a security professional. It should be noted that in an effort to reduce false alarms caused by incorrect installation, only alarms which have been installed by an accredited security company can qualify for police response.

 

5. Maintenance

Inform your alarm company immediately of any alterations to your premises which may affect your system, including any damage to the alarm system, its detectors or wiring.

 

6.Identify the Cause

when resetting the system after a false alarm, establish the cause of activation and call your alarm company immediately to arrange for the system to be reset.

 

7.Check Power Supply

Most systems will notify the user when battery power is low with an audible warning, however if this is not the case with your systems then sensors should be checked regularly as low batteries can cause false alarms. Systems which rely on mains power should be checked to ensure they are receiving a consistent and uninterrupted power supply.

 

8. Pets

Security systems can be triggered by pets if not configured properly. Before purchase, consider a system which will allow the sensor sensitivity to be adjusted so that only objects larger than your pet will trigger the alarm.

 

9. Profesional Inspection

For the ultimate piece of mind, have a professional engineer check your security systems. An experienced technician will be able to easily detect faulty or incorrectly installed equipment. They may also be able to improve system performance by adjusting sensor locations to the optimal position and adjusting system settings accordingly.

Sygma Security are an accredited supplier of security systems and are available for both new system installation and system maintenance. Contact us today for a free quote and site survey.

There are five main types of fire alarm systems. Each will have its application within the design process, and the correct identification for the most appropriate system is critical to ensuring buildings get the best possible active fire detection system installed. The five categories can be divided into conventional fire alarm systems, hybrid two-wire conventional systems, addressable systems, aspirating smoke detection systems and radio-controlled fire systems. Within this blog, we will detail each of the different types and their most common application.

 

Conventional Fire Detection Systems

A conventional fire alarm system is the most basic commercial system available – and generally the lowest cost system in terms of parts. The system operates on single-wire basis with detectors and manual call points being located along the wire, finishing with an End of Line Unit (EOL).

Advantages of Fire Detection Systems

The advantages of a conventional system are that they tend to be cheap to put in place, providing a simple solution for buildings of low risk and simple structures where there are few rooms.

Disadvantages of Fire Detection Systems

The main disadvantage is the volume of cable required to be installed – meaning that they can be labour-intensive to install and commission. Faults and alarms also knock out entire zones rather than individual devices – this means that a fire/fault can only be identified in a single zone rather than pinpointing a specific location within the building.

It is a requirement of conventional systems that alarm circuits be separated from sounder circuits to ensure the sounders can continue to function when a zone is activated.

 

 

Hybrid Two-Wire Conventional Systems

A two-wire fire alarm system is a more advanced conventional system where the fire alarm operates on a radial circuit. Two-wire systems eliminate the need to separate the sounders and detection devices operating to an EOL similar to a conventional system.

Advantages of Hybrid Two-Wire Systems

The advantage of a two-wire system over a conventional system is the significant reduction of cabling required as the sounder circuits and detection circuits can be combined. This also allows for the introduction of combi-units such as smoke detectors with sounder bases etc.

Disadvantages of Hybrid Two-Wire Systems

The disadvantages remain broadly similar to that of a conventional system, with a high volume of cable still being required, and a relatively low intelligence within the system, preventing specified feedback or a distinction between fault and alarm. Alarm and Fault signals can also only be identified zonally rather than device specifically.

 

Addressable Fire Alarm Systems

An addressable fire alarm system is more advanced than conventional and hybrid two-wire systems, where the fire alarm operates on a loop circuit rather than a radial circuit (all devices and cabling start and end at the control panel rather than ending at an End Of Line unit). This allows for major advantages, such as the continued operation of the detection system in the event of a fault on a single device or loop.

Advantages of Addressable Fire Alarm Systems

The advantages also go beyond the cabling aspects. Addressable systems, as the name suggests, allow each device (whether it is a sounder or detection device) to have a unique address which is identifiable on the control panel. This allows for a much more accurate location of an alarm or fault as the responsible person can literally read off the devices that are signalling from the panel display screen – with further information available to them, such as fault or fire.

Disadvantages of Addressable Fire Alarm Systems

The disadvantages in direct comparison to conventional and hybrid two-wire systems remain rooted in economics. With the intelligence of the devices comes a more significant price for the purchase of the equipment – but for the coverage and protection provided, this is, in most cases, worth the additional investment!

 

Aspirating Smoke Detection Systems

An Aspirating Smoke Detection (ASD) System is a type of smoke detection system that uses a network of pipes to actively sample air from an area and detect the presence of smoke particles.

The system works by using a fan to draw air through a network of pipes and into a detection chamber, where it is analysed for the presence of smoke particles. The system is highly sensitive and can detect smoke particles at very low levels, making it ideal for use in applications where early detection of smoke is critical, such as in data centres, museums, and archives.

The ASD system can also provide information about the location of the smoke within the monitored area, which can help in identifying the source of the fire and in taking appropriate action. The system is often used in combination with other fire detection systems, such as conventional smoke detectors or heat detectors, to provide comprehensive fire detection coverage.

Advantages of Aspirating Smoke Detection Systems (ASD):

An ASD system is a highly sensitive system that can detect smoke particles at a very early stage of a fire, even before visible smoke is present. This early detection helps to alert building occupants and emergency responders quickly, increasing the chances of a successful evacuation and minimising property damage. They are the ideal solution for protecting data centres, museums and archives. ASD systems can cover large areas with a single unit, reducing the number of detectors needed and making the system more cost-effective. They are also fully customisable to meet your specific needs, including different levels of sensitivity and the ability to detect different types of smoke particles.

Disadvantages of Aspirating Smoke Detection Systems (ASD):

ASD systems require regular maintenance and testing to ensure proper operation. The network of pipes can become clogged over time, which can affect the performance of the system. They can also be more expensive than other types of smoke detectors and can be quite complex to install, requiring specialist knowledge and training. If not properly installed, ASD systems can be prone to false alarms, with the system being triggered by dust or other airborne particles, which can cause disruption to building occupants.

 

Radio-Controlled Fire Systems

A Radio Controlled Fire System is a fire alarm system that uses radio signals to communicate between the fire alarm control panel and the individual fire detection devices.

The system works by using a wireless radio network to transmit information between the control panel and the devices, such as smoke detectors and heat detectors, that are installed throughout the building. When a fire is detected, the device sends a signal to the control panel, which then activates the alarm system and alerts building occupants.

Advantages of Radio-Controlled Fire Systems

A radio-controlled fire system can be installed without the need for extensive cabling, which can reduce installation costs and minimise disruption to building occupants. The system can also be easily expanded or modified as needed, making it a flexible option for buildings that undergo changes or renovations over time.

Disadvantages of Radio-Controlled Fire Systems

One potential disadvantage of a radio-controlled fire system is that it may be more susceptible to interference from other radio signals or electromagnetic radiation in the environment, which can affect the system’s performance. Proper installation, testing, and maintenance are, therefore, essential to ensure the system operates reliably and effectively in the event of a fire.

An important part of the Regulatory Reform Order is that measures are put in place to ensure that the risks of injury or fire are reduced as far as reasonably possible by ensuring that they are installed and maintained properly.

This is expanded in British Standard 5839-1:2017 (the guide published by the British Government on the design, installation, commissioning and maintenance of fire detection and alarm systems) to strongly recommend all work associated with the detection and alarm system be carried out by a competent person or organisation.

 

In reality, what this means is that the person or organisation that you appoint to look after your FD&A system is someone who has received the appropriate and current training and has experience in the systems that they are installing and maintaining. This should be combined with having all the necessary documentation and calibrated tools/equipment to ensure the task is carried out properly and safely.

Here at Sygma; we’ve put together a handy checklist of the top accreditation bodies and tell-tale signs that the company you’re dealing with is both competent and experienced:

• They’ll have a BAFE approval in SP203-1
• They’ll be signed up members to leading industry bodies such as the Fire Industry Association, British Fire Consortium and Fire Protection Association
• They’ll take health and safety commitments seriously and will be able to prove it with memberships to SafeContractor, ConstructionLine and CHAS

 

Not being a member of these organisations shouldn’t necessarily preclude them, but as a customer, you should be aware of the importance of independent auditing of your suppliers. It will only ensure that you are getting the best and most qualified individuals onto your site and ensuring the safe and continued operation of your fire detection and alarm systems.

Passive fire protection for commercial premises

A fire door is a door that has been specifically designed to withstand fire damage for a set duration of time. They provide passive fire safety by allowing the building to compartmentalise, which delays the spread of fire into other areas of the building and prevents evacuation paths being blocked.

How fire doors work

The primary function of a fire door is to protect adjacent escape routes by preventing smoke and fire from escaping the affected room. Without a fire resistant door, evacuation may not be possible as corridors and stairwells can quickly become filled with toxic smoke or blocked completely by flames. Fire doors are engineered to close automatically, often with a metal hinge attached above the door, as they are not effective when left open.

Once room temperatures exceed 200 degrees celius, usually between 10 to 20 minutes after initial ignition, intumescent strips which surround the door begin to expand. This helps to suppress the fire by reducing the amount of oxygen which can be drawn into the room and also further prevents smoke escaping into other areas of the building.

Fire door codes

The duration of time that a fire door can withstand a fire will depend on the materials used and their density. The British Woodworking Federation (BWF) provides official certifications for the length of time that a door can withstand a fire in minutes. These are: FD30, FD60, FD90 and FD120. FD30 and FD60 are most commonly used to protect escape routes while FD90 and FD120 are recommended for containing a fire. Certificate information should be readily available to any building owner or tenant through the identification certificate, often located on the top of the door leaf.

During certification, doors are tested against a time-temperature curve, following test procedures specified in either BS 476-22:1987 or BS EN 1634-1:2014. It is important to note that even though a door may be rated for 30 or 60 minutes, the actual resistance time will vary depending on the nature of the fire, meaning doors may fail sooner or later than their certified rating.

Fire door components

Fire doors commonly consist of a solid timber frame while the door itself can be made from a composite material. Ironmongery – such as hinges, handles and door openers should be fire resistant and doors covered with a fire-resistant glass should be designed to withstand high temperatures for at least 60 minutes. The individual components which make a fire door are as follows:

Frame – supports the door in place. This should be built to the same standard as the door and installed at the same time.

Door closer – ensures that doors are automatically closed after use. Typically placed above the door itself.

Hinges – connects the door to the timber frame. Available in a range of sizes depending on the weight of the door.

Door handle – used to open the door. May also be in the form of a horizontal bar to improve accessibility during emergency scenarios.

Intumescent strips / smoke seal – seals fitted around the edges of the door which are designed to expand when temperatures reach 200 degrees celsius.

Vision panel – some doors may include a glass panel. This should use fire-resistant glazing.

What’s the difference between a fire door and a fire exit?

Fire exits are located on external walls, designed to take people outside during evacuation. Fire doors can be both internal and external, with their main purpose being to prevent the spread of fire.

Fire exits require sufficient signage to direct people to them and can be left open when not in use. Fire doors, on the other hand, should never be left open and signage should be present to instruct people to keep them shut. Some fire doors may be installed with a device which holds the door open during normal use and automatically closes during an emergency scenario. These devices should be tested regularly to ensure functionality as they may fail after long periods of inactivity.

Installing and servicing fire doors

Fire doors are more advanced than a regular door and should therefore be installed by a competent person. During the FDIS 2019 annual inspection, 30% of doors were condemned due to poor installation, with the most common problem being excessive gaps and non-compatible foam. Regular servicing is a legal requirement and must also be carried out by a competent person. The following features should be checked during servicing.

Certification: New doors will have a label on the top or inside of the door however with some older doors this may be missing. A missing certification mark may mean the door is not adequate for fire protection and may fail during the event of a fire.

Gaps: The gaps between the door and frame should be no more than 4mm around the top and sides. The gap under the door can be up to 8mm. Large gaps can be repaired by adjusting the frame or leaf however if the frame is warped or bowed it may need to be replaced.

Seals: Should be fitted on all fire doors, undamaged and completely intact.

Hinges: At least 3 hinges should be securely attached to the frame with no missing screws.

Check the door can close unassisted: The door should close flush without assistance and without being caught on the frame.

UK fire door regulations

There are a number of UK regulations concerning fire doors which must be followed. In 2016 FDIS found that 76% of all fire doors were condemned as not fit for purpose. Whoever is deemed as the ‘responsible person’ are legally responsible to ensure correct installation and maintenance. Failure to do so can result in criminal prosecution.

Fire doors are legally required in public buildings, offices and factories. They are not required for private domestic use. Landlords have a responsibility to ensure the safety of their tenants under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (FSO) which means that fire doors must be installed in houses with multiple occupations (HMOs).

Fire doors are an essential part of any passive fire protection system and a legal requirement for all non-domestic environments. For further information and expert advice on fire doors, contact Sygma today.