18/06/2025
Comprehensive Guide to Solar Panel Types
With rising energy costs and increased sustainability targets, solar power has become one of the most practical and popular renewable energy solutions for UK businesses and property owners. But with a growing market comes growing complexity, especially when choosing between different types of solar panels.
Each type offers distinct benefits, trade-offs, and ideal applications. In this guide, we break down the most common types of solar panels used today, comparing them by efficiency and performance to help you make the right choice for your building.
Understanding the Main Types of Solar Panels
There are three main types of solar panels used in commercial and domestic settings: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film. Each has different qualities and advantages that will suit you more, depending on your criteria.
Monocrystalline Solar Panels
Made from a single crystal structure, monocrystalline panels are known for their uniform black appearance and high energy efficiency, typically ranging from 18–23%. They offer a long lifespan of over 25 years and require a smaller footprint to achieve the same output as other panel types. While they are generally the most expensive option, this type of solar panel is considered the “go-to” by many suppliers. Monocrystalline panels are best suited for rooftops with limited space or where maximum energy output is needed.
Polycrystalline Solar Panels
Produced from multiple silicon crystals melted together, polycrystalline panels have a distinct bluish hue and slightly lower efficiency, typically around 15–17%. They are more affordable than monocrystalline options and deliver stable performance in moderate climates, but they require slightly larger panels to achieve the same output. Overall, polycrystalline panels are a cost-effective choice for sites with ample installation space.
Thin-Film Solar Panels
Made using layers of photovoltaic material on metal or glass, thin-film solar panels are lightweight, flexible, and easy to install on a variety of surfaces, including curved or irregular structures. They tend to perform better in shaded or cloudy conditions, but can have a more expensive installation cost as they are much smaller and require a longer amount of time to connect together.
Their efficiency is also the lowest, typically between 10–13%, and they have a shorter lifespan, often requiring more frequent replacements. Thin-film panels also require significantly more space to produce the same output as other types, making them best suited for large commercial sites, flat roofs, or temporary installations.
Ready to install solar panels on your property or home? Contact a member of our team today.
Which Solar Panels Are Most Efficient?
When it comes to getting the most energy from your available space, monocrystalline panels lead the way. In 2025, high-end models can exceed 23% efficiency, making them the top choice for buildings where roof space is limited but energy demands are high. For sites with more flexibility and tighter budgets, polycrystalline panels offer a reliable balance between cost and performance, typically delivering 15–17% efficiency. While thin-film panels have the lowest efficiency rates, around 10–13%, they serve a valuable role in situations where flexibility, lightweight design, or unconventional mounting is required, such as flat roofs or temporary structures. Each type has its place, depending on your building’s layout, energy needs, and financial considerations.
To summarise solar panels by efficiency:
- Monocrystalline: Most efficient, best for limited space.
- Polycrystalline: Balanced option for cost and efficiency.
- Thin-film: Least efficient but adaptable and low-cost.
Contact a member of the Sygma team to get your installation started!
Comparing Solar Panels by Power Output and Performance
Panel output is usually measured in watts (W), indicating the maximum power the panel can generate under ideal conditions.
- Monocrystalline: 350W–450W per panel (with premium models exceeding 500W)
- Polycrystalline: 280W–350W per panel
- Thin-Film: 100W–250W per panel
But power output alone isn’t everything. Real-world performance can vary based on factors like roof orientation and pitch, shading or obstructions, and temperature sensitivity, as some panels lose efficiency in high heat. Monocrystalline panels tend to maintain more consistent performance across changing conditions, while thin-film panels may outperform others in diffuse light or partially shaded environments, though they require significantly more surface area to deliver the same output.
Get in touch with a member of our team today and get your free, no-obligation quote!
Why choosing the right solar panel matters, and how to pick them
Selecting the right type of solar panel isn’t just about cost; it’s about matching the system to your specific building, usage, and energy goals.
Key factors to consider:
- Available roof space
- Energy consumption needs
- Budget and funding
- Roof type and weight capacity
- Local weather conditions
- Longevity and warranties
At Sygma, we carry out a full solar site survey to assess your property, understand your goals, and design a solution that delivers lasting performance and compliance. Contact a member of our team to get your installation started.
What Makes Sygma the Right Choice for Solar Installation?
Sygma has over 30 years of experience helping UK businesses meet sustainability, compliance, and cost-efficiency targets through cutting-edge energy solutions. From consultation to installation and maintenance, we manage the full lifecycle of your solar panel system.
Why choose us:
- We offer all major panel types to suit your building and budget
- All systems are installed to the latest MCS and electrical standards
- We provide tailored maintenance packages
- Our in-house team handles planning, grid connection, and compliance
FAQs
Do I need planning permission to install solar panels?
In most commercial cases, no, but if you’re in a conservation area or a listed building, additional permissions may apply.
How long do solar panels last?
Most panels come with a 25-year performance warranty, but many systems last 30+ years with proper maintenance.
Can I combine solar panels with battery storage?
Yes. We can integrate batteries into your system to store excess power and reduce grid reliance.
Are solar panels still effective in cloudy weather?
Yes. While peak output may drop, panels still generate electricity from indirect sunlight, even on overcast days.